Catalyst-free nitro-coupling synthesis of azo-linked conjugated microporous polymers with superior aqueous energy storage capability

Developing methods to construct conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with desirable structures is a crucial undertaking. However, obtaining azo-CMPs extended azaacene cores immensely challenging. Herein, we disclose the facile synthesis of diquinoxalino[2,3-a:2?,3?-c]-phenazine-core CMP (3Qn-CMP; core diameter, ?1.6 nm) via one-step hydrothermal homocoupling nitro monomers in mixture solution N,N-dimethylformamide (or N,N-dimethylacetamide) and water (1:3, v/v). A 3Qn-CMP/rGO hybrid readily prepared from spheres (diameter, 0.5–1.5 µm) anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets (?3 layers) by synergizing one-pot for intercalation self-assembly. The highly porous features dual redox active sites azo imine linkages efficient charge conduction. 3Qn-CMP exhibit outstanding energy storage capacity, current density tolerance (1–50 g?1), long-term cycling stability aqueous acidic electrolytes. also produce high specific capacitances 615.4 847.8 F g?1, respectively, at 1 g?1. Approximately 99.1% this capacitance can be retained over 50,000 continuous charge/discharge cycles 50 To best our knowledge, outperforms most organic molecules or CMP-/rGO-based composites reported literature terms durability. This work provides general strategy access new library CMPs hybrids multilevel elaborate architectures tailored target applications, such as electrochemical catalysis.